Таврический медико-биологический вестник

The article deals with the problem of preserving and enhancing the health, lifestyle management, enhancing the functionality of elderly and senile age. We present an analysis of self-assessment of health status, quality of life of elderly and senile age. The analysis was performed at the Regional Geriatric Center of Stavropol. We have studied the influence of physical training on the indices of life quality in elderly people with cardiovascular diseases and provided a guidance to a complex of physical exercises meant for recuperation from heart diseases of elderly and senile-age patients.

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We have attempted a comparison of the results of two-dimensional and three-dimensional mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic and cavitation effects on the atherosclerotic plaque. The blood flow was considered as an incompressible fluid. To determine the hydrodynamic features of the flow in the vessels with stenosis, we solved the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations supplemented by the continuity equation. Similar results were obtained: an increase in pressure on the windward side and a decrease - on the leeward, increasing locally the Reynolds number and causing appearance of a turbulent wave behind the plaque that promotes the destruction of its surface. This allows using two-dimensional modeling for the primary analysis, and threedimensional - to identify additional patterns.

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The authors consider development prospects of aromatherapy and aerophytotherapy and possibility of their application for rehabilitation of patients and prophylaxis of diseases. The range of applications of oils in medicine in practically boundless. Certain essential oils are promising for prophylaxis of epidemic diseases with respiratory transmission, in-hospital infections, pathologies related to disadaptation, immunosuppression, influence of ionizing radiations; the oils applied by dispersion can be used in public and medical establishments for prophylaxis and therapy.

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We present the results of a long-term analysis of patients suffering from suppurative complications of diabetes. Pathomorphological violations of the microvasculature path are described, with emphasis on the surgical aspects of the hormone-inflammatory process. The specifics of conservative therapy are set out and phasing treatment is highlighted. The main objective is preservation of the limb and the locomotor function. This task fulfilment depends on the success of primary surgery, subsequent dressings, and maximum use of modern angiotropic preparations.

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A clinical-and-laboratory survey performed in order to get an estimation of the surgical treatment effect in GP II-III patients proves the efficiency of the offered method. The results we have obtained confirm the advantages of the flap surgery using the brain dura mater and KERGAP-TKF IPl combination as compared to other methods applied in surgical treatment of general periodontitis.

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Currently arterial hypertension (AH) remains an important issue of cardiology. Increase of blood pressure (BP) causes such serious complications as myocardial infarction and stroke. New aspects of Recommendations for AH in 2013 have a focus on measuring BP. In 2013 Recommendations for AH, renovated stratification of the general cardio-vascular risks is presented. Considerable changes have appeared in antihypertensive therapy prescription. Contemporary recommendations solve many problems, yet they put new issues to be investigated, perhaps, the solutions will be presented in the next version of the recommendations.

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There is close interaction between the iron and copper, and maintaining their balance is important for the functioning of the central nervous system and all the visceral systems it controls, especially if this interaction is affected by pollution, systematic physical loads etc.). Bio-monitoring and functional examination of 18-20 yearold football players were conducted in order to establish possible dependence of the functional state of their central nervous and cardiovascular systems on the content of copper and iron in the body in a medium-sized city (Simferopol). We revealed a lack of the metals under consideration: 72% of these sportsmen had a total deficiency of iron and copper. No significant effects of these metals on the characteristics of the current EEG pattern were observed.At the same time, significant correlations were found between metals, mainly copper, and characteristics of evoked and event-related potentials recorded in the GO / NO-GO paradigm. There is a relationship between the content of iron and electrophysiological parameters of the functional state of the cardiovascular systemrecorded by electrocardiography and reography. A quantitative assessment of “neurotropic”, “vegetotropic” and “cardiovascular-tropic” effects of metals showed 37, 0 and 8 standard units for copper and 15, 0, 33 standard units for iron. No significant correlations were revealed for the characteristics of the autonomic nervous system. Probably it indicates that the found“cardiovascular-tropic” effects are results of direct action of metals on the metabolism of cells of the cardiovascular system. It should be stressed that under other conditions of the external environment other contents of elements can have other effects on the functional state of the systems.

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Presently endoscopic thoracal sympathectomy/sympathotomy is used for treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis. We formed five groups, each including 20 patients, who went through sympathotomy at different levels: the first group - ESB of level 2; second group - ESB of levels 2-3; third group - ESB of level 3; forth group - ESB of levels 3-4; fith group - ESB of level 4.As a result of this investigation we proved that in treatment of hyperhidrosis ESB of level 2 is the most effective, according to Lin-Telaranta classification, though it is accompanied by the transient Horner’s syndrome in 10% of cases and by Blushing syndrome in 10% of cases too. However, compensatory hyperhidrosis was not observed in the postoperative periods, and the patients were satisfied by the operation in 95% of cases.

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One of the main objectives of rhinopathology treatment is to repair and restore the function of the morphological structures of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses ciliated epithelium, since the ultrastructural abnormalities are a key step in the pathogenesis of rhinosinusitises. However, medications used for treatment sometimes have an inhibitory effect on the ciliary motion and can exacerbate the damage of the ciliated epithelium. It is possible to achieve the anticipated effect of the drugs, primarily, if there is a fundamental knowledge of physiology and organization of the ciliated apparatus structures. Obviously, the development of new methods and treatment regimens should be focusedon evidence-based experimental models in vivo. Decrease of the error rate during the extrapolation of the experimental results in the clinic depends on the quality characteristics of the model based on the data of a comparative histological and physiological investigation.

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The phenomenon of apoptosis is caused by different factors that lead to cell death, including hypoxia. To investigate the immunohistochemical markers of apoptosis in acute hypoxia at the antenatal period, we studied paraffin blocks of the left ventricular myocardium of six fetuses with a gestation term of27 to 30 weeks who died out of premature detachment of the placenta. As the primary monoclonal antibodies, bcl-2 (clone IgG1 Monoclonal [Bcl-2/100], LSBio), CD95 (Fas) Ab-3 (clone GM30, Thermo Scientific), caspase-3 Human Caspase-3 (clone 3CSP03, Thermo Scientific) were used. It was found that the transmission signal is sent to the apoptotic cardiomyocytes via the CD95 (APO-1/Fas)-receptor and the effector enzymes of the caspase cascade after depletion of the protective system of the mitochondrial protein bcl-2.

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We extracted luminous bacteria from the Crimean water area of the Azov Seato find new perspective test-strains for bioluminescent analysis. We have found six strains possessing bright bioluminescence; they areidentifiedasPhotobacterium leiognathi. Luciferase kinetics type as well as different carbon-containing substrates fermentationand temperature optimum intervals of growth and bioluminescence have been studied for primary identification. We have phenotyped the extracted strains using theBiologsystemfor identificationof microorganisms. We have established that the strains form a separate cluster close to P. leiognathiyet different from all the known species. Based on the obtained results, we can suggest that either the studied strains belong to new bacterial species or P. leiognathi speciespossessa widervariability. High thermophilicity and a low level of halophilic properties of these bacteria make them perspective test objects for biotesting under physiological conditions.

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AT our department, we examined 115 children with atopic dermatitis (AD). The children were divided into two groups: the first group included children with AD with the normal level of IgE in the serum, the second group consisted of children with elevated level of IgE. Children with the immune genesis of AD had more expressed changes of IL-4. This indicator significantly increased at the acute period of the disease, but at the late stage of conventional therapy, it improved very fast. However, clinical improvement was not accomplished with full normalization of the immunological indices and needed more antiallergic therapy. At the same time, children with pseudoallergic AD resisted traditional therapy; their disease was going on, and they needed additional treatment. The study of interleukins and blood indices allowed us to determine the severity of the AD and forecast progression of the disease.

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The study analyzed the features of reproductive disorders in 101 women early and late childbearing age with various forms of endometrial hyperplasia. Analyzed the most frequent violations and forms of infertility, menstrual dysfunction nature and formation of associated hyperplastic processes in the uterus. It is established that in endometrial hyperplasia more than half of the women identified fertility problems, the most common of which is infertility and habitual miscarriage. Thus endometrial hyperplasia usually accompanied by a high frequency in combination with other proliferative diseases of endometrium (from 55.6% to 67.9%) and hyperpolimenorea formation.

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We present the results of treatment of cognitive dysfunction syndrome in patients with posttraumatic cystic formations of the brain with symptomatic epilepsy, with use of neuropeptides. Improvement of cognitive functions, reduction of paroxysmal activity of the brain has been established.

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The main purpose of contemporary phlebology is to transform the operative surgery procedure into the “one-day surgery” by maintenance of maximal cosmetic effect and absence of relapse as well as post-operative complications. The study is based on an investigation and treatment data of 946 patients with С2-4 low extremities vein disease (according to the СЕАР classification). It is proved that when the size of VSM or SMS to a 12 mm, inclusive, it is useful to EVLC without crosektomiya using butt-end light-pipe; If the VSM or SMS from 13 to 20 mm EVLC without crosektomiya it is advisable to use a radial light-pipe; If the VSM or SMS over 20 mm or in the presence of an aneurysm in the testing should be EVLC in combination with crosektomiya, the type of lightpipe of considerable role does not play here.

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Thyroid disease leads to disruption of the enzymatic activity of mixed saliva, which is confirmed by the increase in the antioxidant activity of 34.2%, and trypsin-like activity by 39.8%.

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Pathology of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity remains one of the topical problems of therapeutic stomatology. Changes in the oral cavity diseases of internal organs, including chronic pancreatitis, occur most frequently and lead to deterioration of the results of treatment and quality of life of patients. A study of microbial contamination and antimicrobial protection allow detecting inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity

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The experimental research performed on male Wistar rats has revealed that the development of experimental reperfusion syndrome is accompanied by changes in the protooxidant-antioxidant system and is characterized by progressive growth of the secondary active products of lipid peroxidation both in the blood serum and in the homogenates of previously ischemic skeletal muscles. At the same time the activity of the antioxidant enzymes grows in the blood serum, but decreases in the homogenates. Thereby the developing systemic imbalance of protooxidant-antioxidant system of the blood serum may have the key role in the pathology’s progress and can lead to development of systemic complications, which later manifested formation the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

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We have studied the potency of fibrinolitic blood plasma activity and blood flow state in the eye vessels in occlusive lesion of central retina tributaries by involving 124 patients who were on the stationary treatment in the ophthalmic department of SI “Institute of Urgent and Recovery Surgery n.a. V.K. Gusak of NAMS of Ukraine” within the period since 2010 to 2014. The most informative diagnostic sign of ischemic thrombosis of the central retina tributary is an increase of the integral PI sign that shows the vessel resistance and a decrease of speed hemodynamic parameters. It should be noted that the vein outflow disturbance is accompanied by a decrease of arterial perfusion as well, which leads to aggravation of the vein thrombosis progress. It should be mentioned that the data about the tissue growth factor in the lacrimal liquid allow prediction of the severity stage of neovascularization development and treatment effectiveness.

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The basic mission of all educational institutions is to prepare qualified specialists. The Department of students’ practical training comprises the Centre of practical skills, educational and work practice, and the Commission on the admission to medical activities. The Department is created for training professional medical doctors. When organizing the center, the model of concentration of simulation techniques and equipment in the same area with formation of various thematic clusters was chosen. The development prospects of the Centre and creation of new spheres of training are being considered. Practical training is based on a modular system. Every module provides well-defined practical skills accumulating those that were mastered previously, forming the specialist’s abilities of at the end of their training. A logical continuation of the students’ practical training is the examination for the right to do medical activities. The certification is held for individual students at the end of the third-course practice in three stages: programmed control; demonstration of practical skills on a dummy, and interview. Thus, creation of the Department of practical training contributes to the continuity of the acquisition of manual and analytical skills by the students of our University

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На молодых и взрослых крысах изучали влияние свинца на состав костного мозга и периферической крови. Свинец в концентрации 1/10 LD50 способствует опустошенню костного мозга и сопровождается развитием в периферической крови анемии, которая развивается интенсивнее и дальше сохраняется у молодых крыс. В костром мозге возникает выраженный дефіцит самих ранних предшественников эритро- и лейкопоэза. В группе взрослых крыс развивается тенденция к нормализации показателей в динамике наблюдений, в группе молодых крыс сохраняетс явыраженная анемия.

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Removable plate dentures are the cause of the syndrome of intolerance to acrylic plastics, accompanied by inflammatory processes in the tissues of prosthetic bed, and have the ability to adsorb on its surface microbes, inhibiting heat transfer in the cavity and contributing to the growth of microorganisms and penetration of products of their activity into the tissues.

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A modified classification of the prolapse of pelvic organs (POP-Q) is proposed, including metrocele with elongation of the uterus neck. In 250 patients with a prolapse of the uterus after clinical and ultrasonic examinations, various kinds of operative interventions had been applied. It is established that a differentiated approach to diagnostics of metrocele with elongation of the uterus neck and a developed algorithm of surgical treatment allows avoiding of unjustified repeated surgical interventions.

The article presents an analysis of observation and treatment results for HIV-infected children in AR Crimea over the period of 17 years. There were 184 children under observation and 90% of them appeared to have been infected from the mother.After examination of 14 patients, we diagnosed the first clinical stage of the disease, in 47 (25%) - the second stage, in 65 (35%) - the third stage, and in 58 (32%) - the fourth stage of HIV infection (AIDS).The most often clinical signs observed in patients wereenlarged peripheral lymphonodus (94%), regression of the weight (65%),andhepatosplenomegaly (9%). In total, during the whole period of observation,14 (7%) children dieddue to the development of AIDS, and in 64% of cases the direct causes of death were pneumonia and tuberculosis.169 children were taking antiretroviral therapy, and 15 (9%) were having it for more than 10 years.The article also addresses the main problems related to late diagnosis of HIV today and discusses possible solutions.

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The proposed package of measures is one of the possible ways to implement the concept of fast track surgery for gynecological operatsіyah. Such a campaign allows for early rehabilitation of patients, promotes early (3 -5 days) statement that bears undoubtedly a direct economic effect and increases the prestige of the attending physician and the medical establishment.

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This paper presents the data of a study of 87 electromyograms of the lower limb muscles in 56 children with myelodysplasia. The electromyogram analysis includes biocapacity characterization and functioning muscle hypersynchronization of the proximal and distal lower limb, EMG type. Comparative figures reflect mainly the distal type of lesion in myelodysplasia on the background of the “mosaic” dysfunction neuro-muscular system. It has been concluded that the electromyographic data on the spastic syndrome indicate a diffuse (uneven) character of the myelodysplastic process that is inherent to it and differs it from the spastic form of cerebral palsy.

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According to the world literature sources, endometriosis is seen as a chronic gynecological disease with high rates of relapse in 34-67% of cases. It is necessary to conduct anti-relapse therapy in the postoperative period in women, operated on occasion of endometrial cysts, because it forms expressed hypoestrogenemia, and it has its own complications and side effects, the risk of which should not exceed the desired result of the therapy. One of the formidable complications of the estrogen deficien cystate is a decline of mineral density of bone fabric (MDBF), up to development of osteoporosis. In this study ultrasonic densitometry was produced  in 124 patients, operated on occasion of endometriomas of ovaries, before start of therapy, in 2-4-6 months of treatment the agonists of realizing hormones with the purpose of estimation of dynamics of densitometric indexes of the state of bone fabric.

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Prolaktinised  tumors of  hypophysis occupy the third place among  of tumors of the nervous system and up to 17% of brain tumors. Prolactinoma is the most common of endocrine active tumor of  hypophysis, which accounted for 30% of all adenomas. The demonstrating sign of hypophysis prolactinomas is an increasing level of prolactin. The retrospective analysis of effective ness of conservative treatment of hypophysis microprolactinomas was conducted in women of early reproductive age taking into account molecular polymorphism of prolactin and by the correction of insufficiency of luteal   phase according to the principle of «three- L». The research involved 50 patients aged 18 - 26 years who were divided into two groups: the main group and the control group. The aim of investigation was to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of prolactin, especially the level of «little»-fraction in patients with hypophysis microadenomas, to establish the relationship of clinical manifestations and hormonal data survey, to justify a differentiated approach to the treatment of organic disease of hypophysis.

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Recently an increasing attention has been paid to the use of beta carotenoids in clinical practice. In a number of works it is stated that carotenoids have antihypoxic and antioxidant properties stabilizing the cell membrane, normalizing the inner cell exchange and functional activity of immune-competent cells. Researches with the use of vetoron have shown an improvement of the indices of energetic ferments of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with destructive lung tuberculosis, as well as the efficiency of vetoron in complex treating of destructive lung tuberculosis.

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The morphological changes in the parenchyma of Wistar rats’ lungs occurring under introduction of itraconazole and xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid are described. The introduction of itraconazole into mature Wistar rats resulted in an increase of percentage of emphysematous areas at the expense of a decrease of percentage of the areas with intact parenchyma; this effect was more pronounced in female rats. The parenteral introduction of xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid into the female Wistar rats that were getting itraconazole resulted in anincrease of percentage of the intact areas at the expense of a reduced percentage of emphysematous areas. On the contrary, the parenteral introduction of xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid to male Wistar rats that were getting itraconazole resulted in increase of emphysematous areas at the expense of a reduced percentage of non-changed parenchyma; this was also accompanied by a more pronounced collagen formation.

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The purpose is to assess the effectiveness of intracoronary introduction of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in refractory stenocardia. All the patients underwent revascularized operations: 15 (50%) had aortocoronary bypass surgery (ACBS); 12 (40%) had got stents of coronary arteries and 3 (10%) had both ACBS+stents. Unfortunately, the effect of autologous MSC transplantation is not long and gradually disappears by the end of the twelve-month period; however, it is possible to apply refractory cell introduction and renew the cell cardiomyoplastics effect. It should be noted that the transendocardial introduction of cell transplant brings better results than those achieved by the intracoronary introduction.

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36 is inspected patients by psoriasis with the index of PASI from 3 to 27 marks which had a positive reaction at determination of title of antibodies to endomisium (EMA) class of IGA. At the endoscopic and histological analysis of duodenum mucous membrane are selected 3 groups of patients by psoriasis and celiac disease depending of stage of celiac disease; 1group (n = 17) is the infiltrative stage, 2 group (n = 12) - hyperplastic. 3 group (n = 7) is the atrophy stage. Increase of amount of CD8+ T-cell in inflammatory infiltration of duodenum mucous membrane and a skin is an important moment in understanding of pathogeny of autoimmune process at psoriasis associated with gluten enteropathy. A presence of interepidermal CD8+ T-cell is the histological feature of psoriasis defeat of skin at patients with gluten enteropathy

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In this review, the data of numerous scientific works dedicated tothe ghrelin influence on the condition of the cardiovascular system have been analyzed. The results of the author’s research do not confirm a direct link between the hypoghrelinaemialevel and the arterial pressure indicesin children with primary arterial hypertension.

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The given paper describes the etiology of vulvar malignancies and specific features of its pathogenesis. It shows the benefits of comprehensive diagnosis (fluorescence diagnosis using alasens and immunohistochemical assay of Ki-67 and p53 proteins) in dystrophic diseases, precancer, and early cancer of the vulva.

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