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PASTEURELLOSIS OF CATTLE CAUSED BY MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA
стр.3-12
Kapustin A.V., Laishevtcev A.I.
The paper summarizes the scientific data on respiratory diseases caused by bacteria of the genus Mannheimia haemolytica . Since this organism has a tendency to remain in a latent form and manifests itself only in the presence of a primary pathogenic agent or stress factor, increases the need for routine diagnostic tests in order to monitor and timely preventive measures. Using routine microbial display methods is not always possible to achieve reliable results, because of the complexity of their implementation. Modern express methods can make a significant shift in identifying livestock enterprises with manheimiosis, but it require high level of laboratory equipment and highly qualified personnel.
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IRISH AND HUNGARIAN HOLSTEINS IN THE OREL REGION: EVALUATION AND PROSPECTS FOR THE BREEDING
стр.13-20
Shendakov A.I., Lapina T.A., Astakhova A.N.
The article presents data on the breeding of Holstein cattle of Irish and Hungarian origin, estimated breeding value of introduced animals on the pedigree, comparison of milk production of Irish and Hungarian cows. Determined negative and positive qualities of animals of different origins, found that by varying the breeding value of Holstein cows of different origin in the conditions of the Orel region characterized by approximately the same milk production - at the level of 5900-6000 kg of milk for the first lactation.
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HEREDITARY FEVER OF SHAR-PEI AS A PATHOGENETIC BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMYLOIDOSIS
стр.21-27
Parshina V.I., Kulikov E.V., Vatnikov Y.A., Popova I.A., Sahno N.V.
Amyloidosis is an abnormality of protein coagulation when normal whole or parts of soluble proteins are deposit as pathological, insoluble fibers which destroy tissue structure, thereby causing a disease. The deposited structures at a systemic amyloidosis may be present at a parenchyma of internals and tissues, causing progressive dysfunction of the organ that can lead to death. There are data that some animal species have a pedigree predisposition to an amyloidosis. So, at Chinese Shar-Pei dogs this disease is genetic and is connected with the Shar-Pei fever. Shar-Pei fever is an inflammatory disease inherent in this breed. The main genetic defect consists in violation of perception of sources of an inflammation that leads to continuous increase of level of these mediators in blood. This disease stimulates synthesis of acute phase reactants in the liver and their emission in an organism. Chronically high concentration in plasma of SAA in blood leads to an amyloid collection in β-folded fibriller structures. Unfortunately, presently the mechanism of this process is not clear up to the end. It is assumed that AA-amyloidosis results from a long inflammatory disease. However this field of knowledge still needs careful studying of questions of an origin and development of an amyloidosis that will lead subsequently to development of various therapeutic approaches and new methods of treatment.
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DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD COOKING ENERGY CHOICE IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
стр.28-36
Olugbire O.O., Aremu F.J., Opute O.H., Ojedokun C.A., Olawale O.O., Adisa A.
Cooking energy is a vital aspect of life for the survival of any household. It is a daily affair since man must eat in order to continue to exist in this planet. Many types of cooking energy exist and households must appropriately choose among them. In making choices, certain factors influence households choice, hence the need for this study. The study examined the determinants of household cooking energy choice in Oyo state, Nigeria. Primary data was used for the study. The data was collected using structured questionnaires administered to 130 households. The households were sampled from main areas in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. The result indicated that fuel wood, charcoal, kerosene, gas and electricity were the cooking energy used by households in the study area but kerosene was the most preferred. Kerosene is the cooking energy choice that households find it difficult to do without. The study further revealed that choice of cooking energy is influenced by some factors such as income of households, prevailing weather condition/ season of the year, types of houses/ dwelling place of households, price of cooking energy, nearness to sources and familiarity of household to a cooking energy choice. Households with high income per month often choose gas and electricity and used kerosene as a backup while those with low income per month often choose fuel wood, charcoal and kerosene. The level of satisfaction obtained from kerosene, gas and electricity were high, moderate and very high respectively. It is therefore recommended that government should provide means of increasing the welfare / standard of living of the households in the study area so that they will be able to afford gas and electricity as cooking energy choice. This will therefore protect them against the harmful effects of using charcoal, fuel wood and stove. Government and other stakeholders in power sector should also find permanent solution to the irregular electricity supply in the study area so that households will find its usage more dependable and reliable.
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THE CHANGE IN WORLD PRICE AND EXPORT TAX OF CRUDE PALM OIL AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY AND WELFARE IN INDONESIA: USING A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM (CGE) MODEL
стр.37-46
Sadik Ikhsan, Ratya Anindita, Nuhfil Hanani, Djoko Koestiono
The research aimed to analyze the impact of change in world price and export tax of crude palm oil on the export and domestic production performance of some selected economic sectors, as well as households’ welfare in Indonesia. The analyses were carried out by a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) static model with data taken from Indonesian Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) 2008. The results showed that the increase in world price accompanied by the increase in export tax of crude palm oil and rupiah depreciation have positive impact on the export and domestic production performance of palm oil manufacture sectors and other related economic sectors. Prevailing progressive tax on crued palm oil export does not have negative impact resulted in decreasing palm oil export because export unit price received by producers remains higher than the price at baseline. Due to the increasing of export performance and domestic production, production sectors have economic ability to meet the demands of paying higher value-added upon primary production factors owned by households so that households’ factor income increase and eventually, it leads households’ welfare increase as well.
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MODELLING THE STATE OF SOCIAL-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
стр.47-58
The article covers the hybrid approach to the modeling of the state of social-economic environment under the conditions of uncertainty based on the fuzzy simulation-optimization model with the use of compromise mechanism by the determination of the consumer's satisfaction level. The process of goods promotion to the market has been chosen as the social-economic process of interest; it is a multidimensional process, tightly connected with the registration and processing of social and economic information that represents the set of phenomena, events and facts taking place in the social-economic environment of the market. While conducting the research the hypothesis has been developed and confirmed that the uncertainty and inconsistency of the initial data can be extinguished with the help of the apparatus of fuzzy logic by forming the fuzzy knowledge base of the intelligent system of decision making support and the use of the knowledge for forming the meanings of the main parameters of the goods realization process used in optimal decision making by the goods promotion to the consumer. The proposed hybrid model based on the hard formalized initial data develops the forecast of goods realization to the consumer that is optimal according to the social and economic indexes. The efficiency of the use of the developed model is confirmed by the research of its functioning efficiency in the structure of the system of decision making support.
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ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES OF DEVELOPMENT FOR AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN CRISIS CONDITIONS
стр.59-64
Zaporozhtseva L.A., Marysheva Y.V.
The article examines opportunities of formation and using of specific development potential of the agricultural enterprises in crisis conditions, which is relevant to the modern economy. The authors allocate the following economic development opportunities of agricultural enterprises in crisis conditions: the accretion of the customers number, the correction of the products range, the increase demand for products against the background of the import substitution, the attraction of additional investments in the agricultural sector, the participation in the agricultural cooperation, the workforce optimization, the reduction of financial risk by contracting primarily with trustworthy partners. These measures will allow to enhance the effectiveness of agricultural enterprises functioning.
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DETERMINING OF STATE REGULATION LEVEL IN THE AGRARIAN SECTOR: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AZERBAIJAN AND SOME COUNTRIES
стр.65-79
Gulaliyev Mayis, Ibrahimov Shahraz, Haziyev Fuad
Article investigates state regulation of the agrarian sector of some countries and essence of state regulation of the agrarian sector, as well as its measurement methods. The authors concluded that because of the state regulation diminishing of the agrarian sector of the former Soviet Union states the common volume of production also became decreased. As well as the authors concluded, that the role of the agrarian sector in the economy is getting reduced by increasing of GDP per capita of the countries. But where GDP per capita is few, the role of agrarian sector in economy is higher. The authors suggested to find some «optimal position» for every country’s agrarian sector.
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HE PROPENSITY OF FINAL YEAR UNDERGRADUATE AGRICULTURE STUDENTS TO BECOME AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURS: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA
стр.80-85
Akintayo Oluremi, Adediran Tolulope
This study examined the factors influencing the willingness of final year undergraduate agriculture students to become agricultural entrepreneurs after graduation using a sample of final year agricultural students in four tertiary institutions in south-west Nigeria. Data were obtained through structured questionnaire. Results indicate that fifty-one percent of the students had aspirations for other things apart from agriculture as a profession after graduation. Reasons given for lack of interest in the practice of agriculture include inaccessible agricultural funds, labour-intensive nature of farming in the country and perceived low profitability of agricultural enterprises. Factors which had significant effects on the probability that a final year agricultural student would become an agricultural entrepreneur after graduation include the first choice course on admission to tertiary institution, parents’ level of education and the person who made the final decision for a student to study agriculture in the tertiary institution. Students who had agriculture as the first choice course during admission into tertiary institution are more (0.78) likely to become entrepreneurs in agriculture after graduation. Students whose parent/parents had tertiary education are (0.59) less likely to become agricultural entrepreneurs. Students who personally made the decision to study agriculture are (0.78) less likely to become agricultural entrepreneurs. This implies that the students are not good decision makers in relation to career choice and thus need guidance when choosing their course of study. This will ensure that only interested students study agriculture with a view of becoming agricultural entrepreneurs after graduation thus helping the nation attain food self-sufficiency.
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GROWTH STIMULATORS AS PART OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
стр.86-91
The development of modern plant growing under conditions of limited financial and material resources requires improvement of applied technologies to improve crop-capacity and product quality, reduce the cost of its production and ensuring the restoration and preservation of soil-fertility. One of the ways to solve these problems is the use of bio-stimulants of growth. The article presents the results of researches of influence of presowing treatment of seeds of winter wheat «Biruza» with stimulants of growth and fungicide on its productivity and energy production efficiency. There is the positive influence of this agro-method on the germination, clean productivity of photosynthesis and grain yield of winter wheat.
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