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BLOOM-FORMING POTENTIALLY TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATES PROROCENTRUM CORDATUM IN MARINE PLANKTON FOOD WEBS
стр.95-125
Khanaychenko A.N., Telesh I.V., Skarlato S.O.
The article reviews the up-to-date concepts of an ambiguous status of the widely spread, bloom-forming, potentially toxic mixotrophic dinoflagellates Prorocentrum cordatum in marine planktonic food webs, with special emphasis on the ecological prerequisites of their proliferation and possible scenarios underlying the development of harmful algal blooms and their top-down control in marine coastal waters.
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A NEW SPECIES OF DIDERMA FROM BIDOUP NUI BA NATIONAL PARK (SOUTHERN VIETNAM)
стр.126-132
Novozhilov Yu.K., Prikhodko I.S., Shchepin O.N.
A new species of Diderma, described herein as D. dalatense, was found in ground leaf litter in mixed montane tropical forests (Bidoup Nui Ba National Park) of southern Vietnam. This species was discovered during intensive studies on the distribution and ecology of fungi and myxomycetes in tropical forests of Vietnam in the context of a long-term project Ecolan 1.2. The morphology of representative specimens was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy, and micrographs of relevant details are provided. D. dalatense has unique combination of morphological characters of the sporocarps among species of Diderma including very small (0.2-0.4 mm in diam.) dark-yellow, globose to subglobose sessile sporocarps, large conical or subglobose yellow columella, smooth peridium with three layers resembling that of Leocarpus and irregularly warted spores. In addition to the morphological description, partial sequences of three genetic markers of this new species (SSU, EF1A, COI) were obtained and submitted to GenBank. The stability of the taxonomic characters of the species was confirmed by several collections obtained in different localities of the National Park.
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FREE-LIVING CILIATES IN DIFFERENT COASTAL ZONE BIOTOPES AT THE AZERBAIJAN SECTOR OF THE CASPIAN SEA
стр.133-151
Alekperov I.Kh., Tahirova E.N.
Samples of plankton, periphyton, benthos and phytocyliocenoses (coastal thickets of aquatic plants with associated ciliates) were collected during 2010-2017 from 7 collection points (from north to south) along the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea coastal zone. In total, 463 species of free-living ciliates were found. The highest number of ciliate species was noted in the Divichi firth (214) and on the Absheron coast (203). The species composition in Nabran (179 species) and on the coast of Lankaran (107) and Astara (110) was much lower. Minimal species diversity was observed in the Kyzyl-Agach Bay (96) and estuary of the Kura River (72). The similarity of the free-living ciliate species composition of the seven stationary points along the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea depends on the similarity of environmental conditions at these collection points, as well as on a certain distance between them. Species diversity in different biotopes of each of the seven stationary collection points showed that, despite the strong differences in the total number of the ciliate species found therein, approximately the same ratio of species diversity in various biotopes is characteristic for all collection points. It was established that in plankton communities there are from 9% to 16% of the total number of ciliate species, in periphyton - from 10% to 25%, in benthos - from 30% to 40%, and in phytocyliocenoses communities - from 33% to 44%. The obtained data indicate a general pattern of the distribution of ciliate species richness among different biotopes, even considering the presence of many ciliate species simultaneously in several habitats.
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BIOMONITORING OF ANTROPOGENIC CONTAMINATION OF ABSHERON COAST OF THE CASPIAN SEA AT THE LEVEL OF PLANKTONIC CILIATE COMMUNITIES
стр.152-158
Alekperov I.Kh., Tahirova E.N.
A study of planktonic ciliate species diversity in the Caspian littoral of Absheron was conducted in 2014-2018. Fifty-seven ciliate species belonging to 21 families were revealed. A correlation has been established between the planktonic ciliates’ species richness and the organic pollution degree at the coastal zone. The status of some ciliate species as indicators of varying saprobity was clarified. The most precise indication using ciliates was obtained for alpha-meso and alpha-polysaprobic zones. We explain this fact by the more accurate data on ciliates - indicators of more polluted zones and the erroneous certification of many ciliate species, currently considered as indicators of beta-alpha-mesosaprobic zone.
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REVIEW OF TINTINNID SPECIES (CILIOPHORA: TINTINNINA) FROM THE BARENTS SEA
стр.159-165
The paper presents a list of tintinnid species (Tintinnina Kofoid et Campbell, 1929) in the Barents Sea according to records from the XX through the XXI century. The research also includes original data (2012-2017), which allowed identifying three new tintinnid species in recent years: Ormosella hackeli Kofoid et Campbell, 1929, Parundella caudata (Ostenfeld, 1899) Jörgensen, 1924, and Amphorellopsis tetragona (Jörgensen, 1924) Kofoid et Campbell, 1929. These three alien species of marine ciliates belong to the warm-water fauna; they were recorded in the western part of the Barents Sea and are inhered to the North Cape Current. The research includes a brief biogeographic characteristic and photographic material of alien tintinnids in the Barents Sea.
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AMOEBA PROTEUS AND PLOIDY CYCLES: FROM SIMPLE MODEL TO COMPLEX ISSUES
стр.166-173
Berdieva M., Demin S., Goodkov A.
This short topical review/opinion paper is inspired by the recent study of Amoeba proteus cell cycle. These obligate agamic amoebae have a special type of cyclic polyploidy - an alternation of unproportional polyploidization and depolyploidization, with the latter provided by chromatin extrusion from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Here we discuss possible significance and mechanisms of this phenomenon, reconsider similar strategies of life cycles in other unicellular eukaryotes, and debate provocatively the fundamental issues, which could be brought up during its study - from functions of meiotic genes to evolution of sexual process to survival strategy of cancer cells.
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