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THE DIGITALIZATION OF WORSHIP PRACTICES DURING THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MEDIATIZATION OF ORTHODOXY
стр.4-19
The article describes how the closure of churches during the Easter period due to the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine measures led to the shift of everyday liturgical and communication practices online. The experience of “distance church life” in April-June 2020 has shown that both the mediatization of Orthodoxy and the development of the Orthodox section of the Internet reached a fundamentally new stage. The author examines this stage using the concept of participatory culture introduced by Henry Jenkins and cultural studies approaches based on the categories, interactivity and immersion. The shared experience of online worship over a span of several months and the degree of participants’ co-presence and level of emotional involvement point to a new level of mediatization that entailed the production and consumption of textual, audio, and video content in the course of vertical and horizontal communication. This experience also showed the active development of participatory practices, including the strengthening of the interactivity of worship, the unprecedented intensity of immersion, and the prospects of substantial changes in liturgical life driven by digitalization.
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COVID THEOLOGY, OR THE SIGNIFICANT STORM OF THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
стр.20-33
The article examines various theological aspects of the perception of the coronavirus pandemic in global Orthodoxy and the Russian Orthodox Church. Among other aspects, it touches upon issues pertaining to the celebration and distribution of the Eucharist under hygienic restrictions. It also explores Christological arguments in support of each practice. The article proposes some specific interpretations of the phenomenology and aetiology of the so-called Covid dissidence. It argues that artificial ideological polarization between so-called “liberals” and “conservatives” is why many bishops, priests, and laypeople in the Russian Orthodox Church mistrust the quarantine measures.
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TORAH AGAINST THE VIRUS, RABBIS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT: THE ULTRA-ORTHODOX AND THE PANDEMIC
стр.34-51
The paper discusses several of the most remarkable responses to the Covid-19 pandemic and its social distancing measures coming from several, mostly ultra-Orthodox, Jewish communities in Israel, the United States, and Russia. It examines major elements of the crisis discourse, i.e., the hermeneutics of the causes and meanings of the pandemic; the affirmation of group borders and hierarchies as a result of the search for culprits; the relations between the religious community and the state; as well as the possible transformations of social behavior and ritual practices resulting from the crisis.
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POST-CHRISTIAN OR POST-ATHEISTIC SOCIETY? SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RUSSIAN REGIME OF SECULARITY
стр.52-68
Malakhov V., Letnyakov D.
The authors argue that the specificity of the Russian case of secularity is generally underestimated. This leads to two negative consequences. First, it leads researchers to consider the regimes of secularity in Eastern Europe as variations of the “Soviet model,” which is false. Second, it entails inaccuracies in the analysis of the regime of secularity that has developed in post-Soviet Russia, which the authors propose to describe as “post-atheistic.” The special Russian case involved the destruction of the very mechanism of religious and cultural transmission during the period of Communist rule. This destruction resulted in other features of a post-atheistic society: the relatively low relevance of religious symbols and narratives to the social fabric; the involvement of religious agency in projects of nation-building and, therefore, the predominantly ideological, rather than religious, motivation of the subjects of such agency; the top-down, rather than bottom-up, dynamic of the post-Soviet return of religion to the public sphere; the lack of broad public support for state activities in this field; and the widespread polarization of views on the role of public religion in modern society - either linking religion to cultural backwardness, or the total rejection of modernity and secular culture. This article has been prepared in fulfillment of the research work assigned to RANEPA by the state.
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ORTHODOX ANTI-ECUMENISM AS AN ELEMENT OF THE MOBILIZATION MODEL OF SOCIETY: POLITICAL ASPECTS OF RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM
стр.69-98
This article explores the anti-ecumenical movement in Russian Orthodoxy, its facets of religious separation and isolationism. The article analyzes the sociocultural and political premises on which the isolationist ideology of Orthodox fundamentalists relies, in particular defensiveness and security, both of which intertwine with revanchism, geopolitical resentment, and an idealization of the Soviet past. It also explores the cultural phenomenon of “mobilization consciousness” - a psychological conviction that positive transformation processes in Russia can only occur in circumstances of extreme stress and danger. The article also compares of key features of modern Orthodox fundamentalists and radical right movements.
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KSENIA SERGAZINA. 2017. “KHOZHDENIE VKRUG”. RITUAL’NAIA PRAKTIKA PERVYKH OBSHCHIN KHRISTOVEROV [“WALKING AROUND.” RITUAL PRACTICES OF THE FIRST COMMUNITIES OF CHRISTOVERS]. MOSCOW AND ST. PETERSBURG: CENTER FOR HUMANITARIAN INITIATIVES (IN RUSSIAN). - 256 PAGES
стр.99-103
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